Gattaca examines science, religion, genetic engineering and ethics

By opening the movie Gattaca with quotations from Willard Gaylin and Ecclesiastes, director Andrew Niccol invites us to ponder the tension mingled with science and religion with regard to the ethics of genetic engineering. This tension is further sustained through the complex relationship of the main protagonists Vincent and Eugene, who must ultimately prehend their own physical limitations in order to find God. As the titles run, fingernails, hair threads and skin particles fall to the ground in slow motion, large-minded way to an image of a young man vigorously scrubbing himself.Along with a disturbing score by Michael Nyman, this obsessive-compulsive behaviour contributes to the mordant images of hypodermic needles, catheters and hospital bags of urine and blood. The shower from which Vincent has right stepped quickly converts to a furnace (is this heaven or hell? ) while the inter-title in the non-too-distant future runs across our screen. It is the homogeneous young man, Vincent, who provides a voice-over and our point of view in Gattaca the antiseptic setting of a futuristic space program.Here, somnambulistic employees dressed as clones move in and erupt of a facility designed for cold efficiency. Note the cool blue filters, curved, shining surfaces and, again, a peculiar preoccupation with cleaning. Loudspeakers welcome visitors to Gattaca in various languages demonstrating that, on with space exploration, genetic screening has diminished both the significance and desire for global boundaries. We are already aware that in this future blood has no nationality. For science now enables discrimination that is far more expedient than simply skin colour.Vincent, a God child, is conceived without the help of genetic engineering and is quick to hold that his physical inadequacies, in particular a congenital heart condition, will prevent him from reaching his full potential. It is worth noting that the setting where Vincents conception takes place is m ake natural by the inclusion of beaches and palm trees. As we remain in flash patronise to where baby Vincent plays with a toy cluster of atoms (similar motifs are repeated throughout the film), we get down to understand the hypocrisy of what this brave new world has to offer. Genoism discrimination on the basis of genetics is illegal, yet it seems that poor genetic outcomes such as Vincents prevents damages cover, which disqualifies him from pre-school surely an issue that already has some currency in the world we inhabit today. But although Vincent feels displaced by his genetically superior brother, Anton (note how he walks into the frame just as Vincent tears his own image out of the family snapshot), he is determined to fulfil his dream of space travel.The initial swimming race where Vincent is beaten by Anton serves as a plot device pre-empting the climax of the film where both brothers, now adults, play chicken once again. Aerial shots intensify a wonderful sea and, thi s time, Vincents victory. The irony is stark as Niccol underlines the central theme of the film what constitutes a valid human being? For surely Vincent, an invalid, has just prove that genetics has little influence over sheer determination and grit. Enter Eugene.Genetically flawless but crippled both physically and emotionally from a suicide attempt (he finished second, not first, in a swimming race), he is continually compared with Vincent, whose genetic profile dictates that he will die at the age of 30. Eugene is bitter and twisted while Vincent is single-minded and driven. some(prenominal), however, are essentially blind to what it is that makes them human. Vincent, desperate to conceal his identity from Irene, is nearly run down on a frenetically busy highway, whereas Eugene deliberately steps in front of a car in the hope of bringing about his own death.Both are so preoccupied with their own deficiencies that they almost miss their important spiritual journey. In fact, bot h these men run perilously close to seemly like Anton robotic and devoid of emotion. It is Anton who provides the real paradox here by ruthlessly investigating his own brothers invalidity and, in so doing, demonstrates that genetics does not inevitably correlate with ones humanity. Indeed, it is Irene who, from the outset, seems to be more in touch with the natural world towards which Vincent is striving to return.Note the setting where she lives rolling surf, pristine white sand, the warm begin within in which she is constantly bathed, her disappointment with Vincents supposed perfection, her fascination with the sunrise, her ability to notice the change in his eyes after he discards his tactual sensation lenses when most people can only recognise human differences by a DNA test. Irenes costume and hair are much softer, feminine and distinctively individual when she is away from Gattaca.Yet our focus continually returns to Vincent and Eugene, whose relationship not only domina tes most of the films running time but develops an intimacy that is as altruistic as it is full of love. The overt twinning effect (Eugene operates as Vincents doppelganger) combined with the homoerotic subtext belies any real attempt by Niccol to establish a purposeful connection between Vincent and Irene, with the latter finally reduced to nominal love interest.In an effort to conceal Vincents identity, Eugenes loyalty is clearly demonstrated when, slow and painfully, he drags his broken body up the spiral staircase remember, hes scared of heights. Reminiscent of a DNA strand, the staircase is a metaphor for transcendence, for raising ourselves to a new level of understanding. Eugene, determined that Vincent too will break free of his earthly bounds his physical being recognises the symbolism when he refers to space as upstairs.Earlier, Vincent tells Eugene that weightlessness is like being in the womb and that in space his legs wouldnt matter. But in the end, Eugene returns to where Vincent originally emerged (this time to a self-determined cremation), his cave in complete as Vincent is released into space. The gift of the lock of hair is on one level a safeguard against Vincents disclosure but on another a unique and somewhat childlike reminder of Eugenes innocence in a world gone mad with science and its attending preoccupation with perfection.It is Eugene who occupies Vincents thoughts at closure, not Irene. Despite having overcome their genetic and physical dispositions, it is clear there is no real place for either of these men on earth. By accentuating the tunnels leading back to the womb-like spaceship and the foetal position of Eugene in the furnace, Niccol has both Vincent and Eugene return to where science and religion originate back to the stars, back to God, back to home.